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In the YIQ color space Y component represent the intensity, the I and Q component represents the color information. By separating the intensity from the color information makes the YIQ color space very attractive to TV broadcasting, because it helps maintain compatibility with monochrome TV standards.
The YIQ model also takes advantage of the fact that the human eye is more sensitive to changes in luminance than changes to hue or saturation.
The Y, I, Q components are assumed to be in the [0, 1] or [0, 255] range.
The RGB to YIQ conversion is defined as:
In order to obtain the RGB values from a set of YIQ values, simply perform the inverse matrix operation.
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